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The American Geriatrics Society Geriatrics For Specialists Leading Databases in Surgery Research Resources Related Links Index The John A. Hartford Foundation

Agenda items and key research questions are in boldface. Figures and tables are in italics.

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A

AAO. See American Academy of Ophthalmology
AAO–H&NS. See American Academy of Otolaryngology–Head and Neck Surgery
AAOS. See American Academy of Orthopaedic Surgeons
AAPM&R. See American Academy of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation
Abdominal aortic aneurysm
   endovascular repair, GenSurg 35
   recent research findings
   screening for, GenSurg 34
Abdominal pain, in older emergency department patients
   EmergMed 18
   EmergMed 26
   EmergMed KQ2
Abuse
   alcohol
      preoperative assessment, Anes 7
      preoperative assessment, Anes 8
      screening for
   elder, EmergMed 5
ACAS. See Asymptomatic Carotid Atherosclerosis Study
Access to necessary care, Rehab 9
ACEP. See American College of Emergency Physicians
Achalasia
ACOG. See American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists
Acoustic neuroma
ACOVE (Assessing Care of Vulnerable Elders)
ACS. See Acute coronary syndromes; American College of Surgeons
Activities of daily living
   after hip fracture
   range of motion necessary for, Ortho 1
   wrist range of motion and strength necessary for, Ortho 38
Activities of Daily Vision Scale (ADVS)
   in age-related macular degeneration
   after cataract extraction
Acupuncture, Urol 6
Acute care, transfers from, CCI 21
Acute coronary syndromes
   EmergMed 23
   EmergMed 24
   EmergMed 26
   interventions for, EmergMed KQ2
Acute illness, recovery from, Rehab 4
Acute pain management, postoperative
Acute surgery, cardiac, CardiacSurg 43
Adaptive techniques, for disability
Adolescence, and bone mass, Gyn 87
Adrenal malignancy
a-1-Adrenoceptor antagonists, for BPH
Adrenocortical hormones
Advance directives, CCI 34
Adverse drug events
   associated with drug withdrawal
   postoperative
      Anes 26
      Table 2.2
ADVS. See Activities of Daily Vision Scale
Aerobic (endurance) exercise, Rehab 17
AGA. See American Gastroenterological Association
Age-related macular degeneration
   interventions
      Ophth 28
      Ophth 31
   stratified results
      Ophth 29
      Ophth 30
Agency for Health Care Policy and Research (AHCPR)
   guideline for pressure ulcer prevention
   guidelines for stroke rehabilitation, compliance with
   National Emphysema Treatment Trial (NETT)
Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality (AHRQ)
   guidelines for stroke rehabilitation
   National Emphysema Treatment Trial (NETT)
Agenda items. See also specific topics
Agenda items
Aggressive resuscitation, in older trauma patients
   EmergMed 30
   EmergMed 31
Aging
   biology of
   and bone fusion or fracture healing, Ortho 26
   and cardiac response, CardiacSurg 8
   and cataract extraction, Ophth 27
   cellular and molecular changes, CCI 1
   and cellular response to wear debris, Ortho 13
   and glaucoma therapy, Ophth 35
   homeostenosis of
   and hormone effects on cardiovascular system, Gyn 64
   normal musculoskeletal
   and perioperative care
   and stress response
Aging athletes
AGS–Hartford Foundation Project
AHCPR. See Agency for Health Care Policy and Research
AHRQ. See Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality
Alcohol abuse
   preoperative assessment
      Anes 7
      Anes 8
   screening for
Alendronate, for osteoporosis
Allergic rhinitis, Otolaryn 17
Allostasis
Allostatic load, CCI 2
5-a-Reductase inhibitors, for BPH
Alternative medicine, CCI 17
Alzheimer's disease. See also Dementia
   estrogen replacement and, -247
   estrogen replacement therapy and, Gyn 71
   hearing loss and
   sexual dysfunction and
   smell sensitivity and
   visual loss and
Ambulation, early or ultra-early postoperative, CCI 6
American Academy of Ophthalmology (AAO)
   Preferred Practice Pattern (PPP) for cataract
   Preferred Practice Pattern (PPP) for Comprehensive Adult Eye Evaluation
   Preferred Practice Pattern (PPP) for glaucoma
   Preferred Practice Pattern (PPP) on low vision
American Academy of Orthopaedic Surgeons (AAOS), research priorities for falls
American Academy of Otolaryngology–Head and Neck Surgery (AAO–H&NS)
American Academy of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation (AAPM&R)
American Cancer Society
   lung cancer estimates
   recommendations for prostate cancer screening
American College of Cardiology guidelines for preoperative cardiac evaluation
American College of Emergency Physicians (ACEP)
American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists (ACOG), recommendations for cervical cancer screening
American College of Surgeons (ACS)
   Major Trauma Outcome Study (ACS)
   Office of Evidence-Based Surgery
   practice guidelines
   Tumor Registry, GenSurg KQ3
American Gastroenterological Association (AGA)
American Geriatrics Society (AGS)
   official relationships with specialty societies
   research priorities for falls
   Section for Surgical and Medical Specialties, ,
American Heart Association guidelines for preoperative cardiac evaluation
American Society of Anesthesiologists (ASA)
   Physical Status Score (ASA-PS)
   practice guidelines
American Urological Association (AUA), recommendations for surgery for stress incontinence
Americans with Disabilities Act
Amputation, literature review methods
Anabolism, transition to, Anes 24
Analgesia
   adverse drug events, Table 2.2
   as-needed, Anes 26
   complications, Anes 25
   and functional outcomes, Anes 41
   nonopioid adjunctive drugs, Anes 26
   oligoanalgesia
   patient-controlled
      Anes 26
      CCI 15
      intraoperative
   postoperative, Anes KQ2
   regimes for elderly patients, Anes 27
   route of administration, Anes 26
   scheduled dosing, Anes 26
   in surgical patients, Anes 27
Anatomic Injury Severity score
   and functional outcome
   and mortality
Androgen replacement
   in elderly women
      Gyn 42
      Gyn 43
   short-term, CCI 5
Anesthesia, geriatric
   chronic pain therapy and, Anes 38
   intraoperative management
   key research questions
   literature review methods
   Physiologic management
   postoperative management
   preoperative assessment for
   regional versus general, Figure 2.5
   requirements for, Figure 2.3 – To receive a copy, please contact Amy Tam-Liao at tamlio@americangeriatrics.org.
   risk assessment
   summary
Aneurysm, abdominal aortic
   endovascular repair, GenSurg 35
   screening for, GenSurg 34
Angina, Seattle Angina Questionnaire
Angiogenesis, CCI 1
Angiographic procedures, Anes 18
Angioplasty
   Bypass Angioplasty Revascularization Investigation (BARI) trial
   coronary artery bypass grafting after, CardiacSurg 15
   in octogenarians
      CardiacSurg 36
      CardiacSurg 38
   percutaneous transluminal coronary angioplasty (PTCA)
      changing pattern of patients undergoing
      in octogenarians, CardiacSurg 36
      in octogenarians, CardiacSurg 38
   risks of reintervention, CardiacSurg 15
Ankle
   arthritis of
   degenerative disease of, Ortho 28
   fractures of
   total arthroplasty
Ankle fusion
Ankle reconstruction, Ortho 28
Antagonistic pleiotropy
Antibiotic therapy
   adverse drug events, Table 2.2
   perioperative, Anes 12
   postoperative, Anes 13
   preoperative, Anes 13
   prophylactic, Anes 21
   for urinary tract infections, Urol 12
Anticholinergic drugs, Urol 5
Anticoagulation
   adverse drug events, Table 2.2
   with mechanical valvular prostheses, CardiacSurg18
   perioperative termination of, Anes 16
Antineoplastics, Table 2.2
Antiplatelet therapy
   Anes 9
   Anes 17
Antipsychotics, Table 2.2
Antithrombotic therapy, Anes 9
Aortic dissection
   nonoperative treatment of, CardiacSurg 26
   operative treatment of, CardiacSurg 27
Aortic surgery, Figure 2.4
Aortic valve replacement
   minimally invasive techniques, CardiacSurg19
   in octogenarians
   quality of life after
APDS. See Association of Program Directors in Surgery
Apoptosis, CCI 1
Arrhythmias, perioperative, CardiacSurg 29
Arterial grafts, CardiacSurg 24
Arthritis. See Osteoarthritis
Arthroplasty
   hemiarthroplasty
      for femoral neck fractures
      functional outcomes in, Ortho 21
      for hip fractures, Ortho 36
      for proximal humerus fractures
      shoulder
   total ankle
   total hip
      for femoral neck fractures
      preoperative testing, Figure 2.4
      surgical approaches, Ortho 11
   total knee
      for comminuted distal femur fracture, Ortho 19
      gait and balance benefits, Ortho 20
      hip fracture and, Ortho 20
      hylan and hyaluronate injections and, Ortho 7
      risk factors, Ortho 16
   total shoulder, functional outcomes in, Ortho 21
Arthroscopy
   of knee
      Ortho 2
      Ortho 15
   of osteoarthritic knee
   for shoulder injuries, Ortho 2
ASA. See American Society of Anesthesiologists
Aspiration
   complications of, ThoracicSurg 15
   perioperative
      Anes 18
      CCI 36
   postoperative
      Anes 19
      Anes 21
Aspirin, Gyn 66
Assessment
   of abuse, EmergMed 5
   clinical outcomes
   comprehensive
   in emergency department
   functional, in emergency department, EmergMed 9
   of home environment, EmergMed 5
   neurobehavioral, CardiacSurg 34
   preoperative
      Anes KQ1
      and anesthesia
      in lung cancer, ThoracicSurg 4
   preoperative functional
      Anes 5
      Anes 6
   of visual loss, Ophth 1
Assessment instruments
   for chronic pain in cognitive impairment, Anes 40
   in dementia, CCI 54
   for esophageal cancer, ThoracicSurg 16
   HRQOL measures
      CCI 53
      condition-specific, CCI 60
      measuring impact of visual loss on functional ability
      procedure-specific
      questions about sexuality, CCI 57
   for lung cancer
      ThoracicSurg 2
      ThoracicSurg 3
      ThoracicSurg 17
   for pain, Anes 28
   patient satisfaction surveys, CCI 22
   preoperative
      Anes 3
      Anes 4
   quality-of-life instruments after cardiac surgery, CardiacSurg 41
   quality-of-life instruments in dementia, CCI 54
   quality-of-life instruments targeting vulvovaginal conditions, Gyn 29
   for urinary incontinence, Urol 2
   visual measures, Ophth KQ3
Assistive devices
   for arthritic and musculoskeletal conditions, Rehab 21
   cardiac, CardiacSurg 7
   Rehab 19
Assistive technology, Rehab 9
Association of Program Directors in Surgery (APDS)
Asymptomatic Carotid Atherosclerosis Study (ACAS)
Atherosclerotic disease
   Asymptomatic Carotid Atherosclerosis Study (ACAS)
   of lower extremities
   vascular
Athletes, aging
Atlantic Philanthropies
Atrial arrhythmias, postoperative, CardiacSurg 29
Attitude, in rehabilitation, Rehab 9
AUA. See American Urological Association
Auditory brain-stem response (ABR) testing
Auditory rehabilitation, CCI 55
Auditory system
Axillary lymph node dissection, GenSurg 11

B

Bacillus-Calmette-Guérin, for bladder cancer
Bacteruria, asymptomatic
   natural history of, Urol 11
   operational definition of, Urol 10
Bailey-Lovie logMAR
Balance. See also Falls
   foot and ankle problems and, Ortho 28
   limb shortening and, Ortho 33
   total knee arthroplasty and, Ortho 20
   treatment of age-related problems
Balance disorders, targeted treatment, Otolaryn KQ2
Balance exercise
Baltimore Longitudinal Study of Aging
   estrogen replacement therapy and Alzheimer's disease
   hearing loss
   screening for prostate cancer
BARI trial. See Bypass Angioplasty Revascularization Investigation trial
Barrett's cancer
Beaver Dam Eye Study
   scope of the problem
   visual loss and falls
   visual loss and hearing loss
Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System (BRFSS)
Behavioral therapy
   for postoperative depression, CCI 50
   for urinary incontinence, needed research in
Benign esophageal disease
Benign lung diseases
Benign paroxysmal positional vertigo (BPPV)
Benign prostatic hyperplasia
   early transurethral resection of the prostate for
      Urol 15
      Urol 16
   needed research in
   phytotherapy for, Urol 13
   surgery for
      minimally invasive, Urol 14
      needed research in
b-Blockers, in elderly surgical patients, Anes 9
Biliary disease
   GenSurg 26
   recent research findings
Binocular inhibition
Biobehavioral therapy for urinary incontinence, needed research in
Biology of aging
Bisphosphonates
   long-term use, Gyn 92
   for osteoporosis, Gyn 95
   for osteoporosis in frail and institutionalized elderly women, Gyn 85
   quality-of-life outcomes
      Gyn 80
      Gyn 84
Bisphosphonates
Black Americans
   and cervical cancer screening
   visual loss in
Bladder cancer
Bladder neck suspension
   for female stress incontinence
   longevity, Urol 7
Bleeding diathesis, postoperative, Anes 30
Bleeding risk, Anes 16
Blindness, legal
Blood cell counts, preoperative
Blood transfusions, perioperative
   Anes 14
   Anes 15
Blue Mountains Eye Study
Blunt trauma
   invasive monitoring and aggressive resuscitation in, EmergMed KQ3
   risk of multiple-organ failure and death after, EmergMed 29
Bone
   implant fixation in, Ortho KQ1
   medications that reduce resorption of, Gyn 93
   medications that stimulate formation of, Gyn 94
   strategies to augment healing of, Ortho 26
Bone fusion, Ortho 26
Bone insufficiency
Bone loss
Bone mass, peak, Gyn 87
Bone matrix, Gyn 87
Bone mineral density
Bone void filler
BPH. See Benign prostatic hyperplasia
Bradycardia, postoperative, Anes 30
Brain Resuscitation Clinical Trials
Breast cancer
   Collaborative Group on Hormonal Factors in Breast Cancer
   estrogen replacement therapy and
      Gyn 73
      Gyn 76
      Gyn 79
   recent research findings
   selective estrogen receptor modulators and, Gyn 77
   surgery for, GenSurg 9
   tamoxifen therapy for
      GenSurg 9
      GenSurg 10
Breast cancer screening
Breast density, mammographic, Gyn 59
Breast reconstruction
BRFSS. See Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System
British Geriatrics Society research priorities for falls
British Journal of Cancer
Bypass Angioplasty Revascularization Investigation (BARI) trial
Bypass surgery
   cardiopulmonary
      CABG with and without, CardiacSurg 34
      complications
      techniques for, CardiacSurg 10, CardiacSurg 11
   coronary artery
      after angioplasty, CardiacSurg 15
      with cardiopulmonary bypass, CardiacSurg 34
      changing pattern of patients undergoing
      comparison with catheter-based interventions, CardiacSurg 4
      complications
      conduit use, CardiacSurg 16
      lung function and, CardiacSurg 9
      minimally invasive techniques, CardiacSurg 17
      neurobehavioral changes after, CardiacSurg 34
      in octogenarians, CardiacSurg 36, CardiacSurg 40
      on- and off-pump, CardiacSurg 12, CardiacSurg 13, CardiacSurg 23
      quality of life after
      reoperative, CardiacSurg 21, CardiacSurg 24
      stroke after, CardiacSurg 34
      summary
   distal
   lower-extremity, GenSurg 32

C

CABG. See Coronary artery bypass grafting
Cache County Study
CAGE questionnaire
Calcium supplements
   costs and side effects, Gyn 88
   methods, Gyn 90
   optimal time in woman's life span for, Gyn 89
CAM. See Confusion Assessment Method
Cambodians
Cancer
   bladder
   breast
      estrogen replacement therapy and, Gyn 73, Gyn 76, Gyn 79
      screening for
      selective estrogen receptor modulators and, Gyn 77
      surgery for, GenSurg 9
      tamoxifen therapy for, GenSurg 9, GenSurg 10
      therapy of, 91
   cervical
      incidence, Gyn 49
      mortality rates, Gyn 50
      risk factors, Gyn 52
      screening for, Gyn 51
   colon
      estrogen and, Gyn 78
      estrogen therapy and, Gyn 76
      screening for, Gyn 74
      selective estrogen receptor modulators and, Gyn 77
   colorectal
      emerging technologies in management of, GenSurg 23
      screening, GenSurg 22
   esophageal
      chemoprevention, ThoracicSurg 12
      minimally invasive techniques for, ThoracicSurg 14
   estrogen replacement therapy and
   gastric, GenSurg 18
   head and neck
      molecular biology studies, Otolaryn 23
      present practice, Otolaryn 20, Otolaryn KQ3
      quality of life, Otolaryn KQ3
      surgical approaches, Otolaryn 22
      surgical outcomes, Otolaryn 21
   lung
      assessment instruments, ThoracicSurg 2, ThoracicSurg 3, ThoracicSurg 17
      preoperative assessment in, ThoracicSurg 4
      preoperative optimization in, ThoracicSurg 7
      risk factors for surgery, ThoracicSurg 5
      screening for, ThoracicSurg 1
   pancreatic, GenSurg 28
   pharyngeal, Otolaryn 22
   prostate
      screening for, Urol 17
      treatment of, Urol 18
   tongue, Otolaryn 22
   vaginal, risk factors, Gyn 52
   vulvar
      age-related factors, Gyn 35
      susceptibility profiles, Gyn 36
      topical immune modulators and, Gyn 37
Capnography
Capsaicin
Cardiac assist devices, CardiacSurg 7
Cardiac care patterns, CardiacSurg 1
Cardiac complications, intraoperative
   Anes 9
   Anes 10
Cardiac rehabilitation, Rehab 24
Cardiac surgery, geriatric. See also specific procedures
   acute, CardiacSurg 43
   areas of investigation, CardiacSurg 9-17
   changing pattern of patients undergoing, }
   clinical pathways, CardiacSurg 2
   complications
      CardiacSurg 31
      CardiacSurg 42
   elective, CardiacSurg 43
   exclusion criteria for, CardiacSurg 43
   functional outcomes
      CardiacSurg 1
      CardiacSurg KQ1
   key research questions
   length of hospital stay after, CardiacSurg 5
   literature review methods
   minimally invasive techniques, CardiacSurg 30
   neurobehavioral assessment tools before and after, CardiacSurg 34
   neurocognitive deficits after, CardiacSurg KQ2
   neurologic deficits and
   in octogenarians
      CardiacSurg 38
      CardiacSurg 39
   perioperative care, CardiacSurg KQ3
   physiologic management
   predictive models, CardiacSurg 6
   quality of life after
   quality-of-life instruments after, CardiacSurg 41
   reoperative, myocardial protective techniques in, CardiacSurg 22
   risk factors for stroke in, CardiacSurg 35
   risk profiles, CardiacSurg 1
   stroke and, CardiacSurg KQ2
   summary
   total costs, CardiacSurg 3
Cardiac transplantation
Cardiac treatment protocols, CardiacSurg 40
Cardiopulmonary arrest, EmergMed 25
Cardiopulmonary bypass
   CABG with and without, CardiacSurg 34
   complications
   techniques for
      CardiacSurg 10
      CardiacSurg 11
Cardiopulmonary function, preoperative
Cardiovascular drugs, Table 2.2
Cardiovascular Health Study
Cardiovascular system
   and perioperative care
   estrogen replacement and
      Gyn 60
      Gyn 61
   hormone effects on, Gyn 64
   intraoperative complications
      Anes 9
      Anes 10
   selective estrogen receptor modulators and, Gyn 63
Care delivery models
Caregivers
   identification of unfulfilled needs by, CCI 72
   outcomes and, Rehab 8
   surgical treatment and, CardiacSurg 41
Carotid disease screening, GenSurg 30
Carotid endarterectomy
   CABG preceded by, CardiacSurg 33
   GenSurg 29
   recent research findings
   regional versus general anesthesia for
Catabolism, postoperative, Anes 24
Cataract
Cataract surgery
   functional outcomes
      Ophth 26
      Ophth 27
   preoperative testing
Catecholamines
Catheter-based interventions for coronary artery disease, CardiacSurg 4
Celecoxib. See also COX-2 inhibitors
Cellular senescence, CCI 1
Cementless components, in total hip replacement, Ortho 11
Center for Medicare and Medicaid Services
   GenSurg KQ3
   National Emphysema Treatment Trial (NETT)
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention
   cervical cancer screening statistics
   definition of health-related quality of life
   discharge statistics
Central auditory testing, Otolaryn 12
Cerebral protection techniques, CardiacSurg 28
Cerebrovascular disease. See also Stroke
   incidence and prevalence of, GenSurg 30
Cerumen impaction
Cervical cancer
   incidence, Gyn 49
   mortality rates, Gyn 50
   risk factors, Gyn 52
Cervical cancer screening, Gyn 51
Cervical neoplasia, early detection of, Gyn 53
Cervical-spine decompressive surgery
Cervical spondylotic myelopathy
Cesarean section, and pelvic organ prolapse, Gyn 19
Chest pain
   Seattle Angina Questionnaire
Chest x-ray, preoperative
Childbirth delivery routes, and pelvic organ prolapse, Gyn 19
Cholecystectomy
   laparoscopic, recent research findings
   open, recent research findings
   outpatient or short-stay vs longer hospital stay, GenSurg 25
   recent research findings
Chronic disease, perioperative management of, CCI 13
Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease
   CABG in
   lung volume reduction procedures for, ThoracicSurg 9
Chronic pain
   assessment tools for, in cognitive impairment, Anes 40
   research agenda
   and sexual dysfunction
Chronic pain therapy
   Anes 36
   Anes 38
Chronic post-herpetic neuralgia, Anes 37
Clinical outcomes assessment
Clinical pathways
   for cardiac surgery, CardiacSurg 2
   perioperative
Cochlear implantation, Otolaryn 9
Cognitive impairment
   delirium and, CCI 48
   educational strategies for partners of patients with, Gyn 46
   in emergency department
      EmergMed 6
      EmergMed 7
      EmergMed 8
   estrogen-progestin replacement and, Gyn 69
   falls-prevention interventions in, Rehab 28
   and length of stay
   measures of, CCI 46
   pain assessment in
      Anes 28
      Anes 40
   pain management in
      Anes 29
      Anes 39
   postoperative
      CCI 47
      drug choice and
   preoperative assessment
      Anes 7
      Anes 8
   screening tests for
      EmergMed 6
      EmergMed 8
Cognitive status
   estrogen replacement and
      Gyn 67
      Gyn 72
   in gynecologic surgery, Gyn 3
Colectomy, elective
Collaborative Group on Hormonal Factors in Breast Cancer
Collaborative Normal-Tension Glaucoma Study Group
Colon cancer
   estrogen and, Gyn 78
   estrogen therapy and, Gyn 76
   screening for, Gyn 74
   selective estrogen receptor modulators and, Gyn 77
Colorectal cancer
   emerging technologies in management of, GenSurg 23
   screening, GenSurg 22
Colorectal disease
Colostomy
Commission on Accreditation of Rehabilitation Facilities
Communication
   among care settings, CCI 65
   of drug regimens to primary care physicians, Anes 31
   EmergMed 3
   problems, CCI 65
   strategies that foster, CCI 66
Complementary (alternative) medicine, CCI 17
Complementary therapy
   for coronary artery disease, CardiacSurg 14
   for urge or mixed urinary incontinence, Urol 6
   for urinary incontinence
Compliance with recommendations
   EmergMed 14
   lack of, CCI 65
Comprehensive eye evaluation and screening
Comprehensive geriatric assessment, EmergMed 14
Compression fractures, vertebral
Compression hip screws
Computed tomography screening, for cancer, ThoracicSurg 1
Computer-assisted decision support systems, EmergMed 13
Confusion. See also Delirium; Dementia
   chronic pain therapy and, Anes 38
   postoperative, Anes 30
Confusion Assessment Method (CAM)
   in emergency department care
   and postoperative delirium
   serial testing with, Anes 33
Congestive heart failure
   cardiac assist devices for, CardiacSurg 7
   etiology, CardiacSurg 8
   surgery for
Consent for resuscitation, CCI 34
Constipation
   chronic pain therapy and, Anes 38
   postoperative, Anes 30
Constraint therapy
Continuity of care, CCI 65
Coordination of care
   postoperative
   postoperative drug regimens, Anes 31
   strategies that foster, CCI 66
Coping strategies in rehabilitation, Rehab 9
Coronary angioplasty, percutaneous transluminal (PTCA)
   changing pattern of patients undergoing
   in octogenarians
      CardiacSurg 36
      CardiacSurg 38
Coronary artery bypass grafting
   after angioplasty, CardiacSurg 15
   benefit predictors, CardiacSurg 12
   with cardiopulmonary bypass, CardiacSurg 34
   after carotid endarterectomy, CardiacSurg 33
   changing pattern of patients undergoing
   comparison with catheter-based interventions, CardiacSurg 4
   complications
   conduit use, CardiacSurg 16
   lung function and, CardiacSurg 9
   minimally invasive techniques, CardiacSurg 17
   neurobehavioral changes after, CardiacSurg 34
   in octogenarians
      CardiacSurg 36
      CardiacSurg 37
      CardiacSurg 40
   on- and off-pump
      CardiacSurg 12
      CardiacSurg 13
      CardiacSurg 23
   operative mortality
   quality of life after
   reoperative
      CardiacSurg 21
      CardiacSurg 24
   risk factors, CardiacSurg 12
   stroke after, CardiacSurg 34
   summary
Coronary artery disease
   catheter-based interventions versus CABG for, CardiacSurg 4
   emerging therapies, CardiacSurg 14
   recurrent, CardiacSurg 22
   surgery for
      changing pattern of patients undergoing
      summary
Coronary stents
Cortisone, for degenerative joint disease
Cost-effectiveness
   of assistive technology, Rehab 9
   of cardiac surgery, CardiacSurg 3
   of cervical cancer screening
   of cochlear implantation, Otolaryn 9
   of disability treatment, Rehab 2
   emergency department–based immunization programs, EmergMed 21
   of falls-prevention strategies, Rehab 28
   of fracture treatment
   of interdisciplinary teams, CCI 70
   of medications for frail elderly women, Gyn 97
   of newer prostheses, Rehab 26
   of reducing environmental hazards, Ophth 5
   of surgical care
   of transfers from acute-care facilities, CCI 21
   of vision screening, Ophth 24
   of vision stabilization or improvement in glaucoma, Ophth 33
COX-2 inhibitors
   celecoxib
   effects on fracture healing, tissue healing, and bony ingrowth, Ortho 10
   for esophageal cancer
   for osteoarthritis
   rofecoxib
Cranberry juice, and UTIs
Cross-cutting issues
Cryoablation, liver-directed, GenSurg 4
Cumulative Illness Rating Scale

D

Day surgery
Deconditioning
Deep-vein thrombosis. See also Thromboembolism
   in joint replacement surgery
   perioperative clinical pathways
   prophylaxis, CCI 40
   prophylaxis after total joint replacement or hip fracture, Ortho 22
Degenerative disease
   of foot and ankle, Ortho 28
   of joints, surgical treatment of
   of spine
Dehydroepiandrosterone, CCI 5
Delirium
   biochemical basis for, CCI 44
   and cognitive decline, CCI 48
   drug therapy, CCI 44
   in emergency care
      EmergMed 7
      EmergMed 8
   in hospitalized patients, Ophth 23
   and length of stay
   and perioperative aspiration, CCI 36
   postoperative
      anti-delirium strategies for, CCI 28
      with dementia, CCI 36
      diagnosis of, Anes 33
      after hip fracture treatment
      after outpatient surgery, CCI 45
      perioperative clinical pathways
      predisposing and precipitating factors, CCI 42
      risk factors, Anes 32
   prevention of
      Anes 34
      CCI 43
   undiagnosed
   vision treatments and, Ophth 23
   visual improvement or stabilization and, Ophth KQ1
   visual loss and
Delivery of care models
Delivery routes, and pelvic organ prolapse, Gyn 19
Dementia
   in emergency care
   hearing loss and
   with postmenopausal hormone use, Gyn 70
   with postoperative delirium, CCI 36
   preoperative diagnosis of, Anes 33
   quality-of-life instruments in, CCI 54
   sexual dysfunction and
   visual improvement or stabilization and, Ophth KQ1
   visual loss and
      Ophth 11
      Ophth 12
      Ophth 13
      Ophth 14
Deming, W. Edwards
Depression
   behavioral therapy for, CCI 50
   interventions, Ophth 9
   pharmacotherapy for, CCI 50
   postoperative
      CCI 49
      CCI 50
   preoperative assessment
      Anes 7
      Anes 8
   screening for
   visual improvement or stabilization and, Ophth KQ1
   visual loss and
      Ophth 8
      Ophth 9
      Ophth 10
Detrusor hyperactivity with impaired contractility
Diabetes Control and Complications Trial
Diabetes drugs, Table 2.2
Diabetic control, Ophth 40
Diabetic macular edema, Ophth 40
Diabetic retinopathy
   early treatment diabetic retinopathy study (ETDRS) chart
   functional outcomes in
      Ophth 38
      Ophth 39
      Ophth 40
   and health-related quality of life, Ophth 37
   proliferative, Ophth 40
   stratified results, Ophth 40
Diabetic Retinopathy Study
Digital rectal examination, Urol 17
Disability
   aerobic exercise and, Rehab 17
   causes of, Rehab 3
   conceptual framework for
   development in elderly persons, Rehab KQ1
   diagnostic methods, Rehab 3
   key outcomes for measurement, Rehab 20
   physiologic processes underlying, Rehab 4
   risk factors
      Rehab 7
      Rehab 20
   societal effects, Rehab 6
   timing of treatment for, Rehab 5
   treatment costs, Rehab 2
   treatment patterns, Rehab KQ2
Discharge instructions, emergency department, EmergMed 13
Distal bypass
Distal femur fractures, comminuted, Ortho 19
Diverticular disease, GenSurg 21
Diverticulitis
Diverticulosis
Dizziness
   etiology
   evaluation and treatment, Otolaryn 13
   targeted treatment, Otolaryn KQ2
Do-not-resuscitate (DNR) orders, in operating room
Domain Management Model
Donors, kidney, older adults as
Driving impairment
   vision loss and
      Ophth 19
      Ophth 20
   visual improvement or stabilization and, Ophth KQ1
Drug abuse, CCI 10
Drug-ethanol interactions, CCI 16
Drug regimens. See also Medications; Pharmacotherapy
   communicating to primary care physicians, Anes 31
   simplifying, Anes 31
Drug withdrawal, CCI 11
Duke Activity Status Index
Duke Established Populations for Epidemiologic Studies of the Elderly
   estrogen replacement therapy and Alzheimer's disease
   rates of inappropriate drug use
DVT. See Deep-vein thrombosis
Dyspareunia secondary to urogenital atrophy, Gyn 47
Dysphagia
   and age
   evaluation of, Otolaryn 18

E

Early Lung Cancer Action Project
Early treatment diabetic retinopathy study (ETDRS) chart
Education
   of elderly patients, Rehab 22
   for partners of cognitively impaired patients, Gyn 46
   preoperative
      CCI 38
      CCI 39
   to reduce inappropriate medications, EmergMed 13
Elder abuse, EmergMed 5
Elder Protection Service
Elderly drivers
   mandatory vision screening of, Ophth 17
   traffic accidents by
      Ophth 17
      Ophth 18
      Ophth 21
      Ophth KQ1
   vision loss in, Ophth 19
   visual improvement or stabilization in, Ophth KQ1
Elderly Lung Cancer Vinorelbine Italian Study (ELVIS)
Elective surgery
   for abdominal aortic aneurysm
   cardiac, CardiacSurg 43
   laparoscopic colectomy
   nutritional supplementation for, CCI 30
   survival rates
Electrical stimulation, for fracture healing, Ortho 34
Electrocardiography, preoperative, 19
Electrolytes
   adverse drug events, Table 2.2
   management of, in surgical patients, CCI 33
   preoperative
ELVIS. See Elderly Lung Cancer Vinorelbine Italian Study
Emergency department (ED) care. See also Emergency medicine
   discharge instructions, EmergMed 13
   environment of
   family caregiving and, CCI 71
   functional assessment, EmergMed 9
   micro-environment of
      EmergMed 3
      EmergMed 4
   patterns of use, EmergMed 1
   process alterations, EmergMed KQ1
Emergency medical service (EMS)
Emergency medicine, geriatric
   for abdominal aortic aneurysm
   for abdominal pain, EmergMed 18
   for acute coronary syndromes
      EmergMed 23
      EmergMed 24
   for cariopulmonary arrest
   for cognitive impairment
      EmergMed 6
      EmergMed 7
      EmergMed 8
   comprehensive assessment
   comprehensive screening of older patients, EmergMed 14
   for falls
   functional assessment, EmergMed 9
   for functional impairment
      EmergMed 10
      EmergMed 11
   general geriatric emergency care
   identification of high-risk patients, GenSurg KQ1
   immunization programs, EmergMed 21
   for infectious disease, EmergMed 21
   key research questions
   literature review methods
   medication use
   patterns of emergency department use, EmergMed 1
   for penetrating trauma
   quality of care improvement, EmergMed 2
   screening
      for asymptomatic conditions, EmergMed 17
      for specific conditions, EmergMed 16
   specific clinical syndromes
   surgery for peptic ulcer disease
      GenSurg 15
      GenSurg 16
   surgical procedures
      GenSurg 3
      GenSurg 4
      GenSurg 5
   for trauma
Emerging technologies, GenSurg 23
Emphysema
Empyema, ThoracicSurg 10
End-stage renal disease
Endocrine disease
Endocrine response
Endovascular repair, GenSurg 35
Endovascular therapy, GenSurg 31
Endurance exercise
Enoxaparin, after joint replacement
Environment
   emergency department
   micro-environment
      EmergMed 3
      EmergMed 4
   risk factors for disability, Rehab 7
Environmental hazards, Ophth 5
EORTC. See European Organization for Research and Treatment of Cancer
Epidemiology of surgical outcomes, Anes 1
Equipment, rehabilitation
Errors
   CCI 61
   CCI 62
   CCI 65
Erythropoietin therapy, perioperative, Anes 15
Esophageal cancer
   chemoprevention, ThoracicSurg 12
   minimally invasive techniques for, ThoracicSurg 14
   surgery for, ThoracicSurg 16
Esophageal disease, benign
Esophageal dysplasia, screening for, ThoracicSurg 11
Esophageal resection
Esophagectomy
   age-related operative factors, ThoracicSurg 13
   minimally invasive
   and quality of life, ThoracicSurg 15
   as surgical model, ThoracicSurg 18
Established Populations for the Epidemiologic Studies of the Elderly
Estrogen-progestin replacement therapy
   and Alzheimer's disease
   and breast cancer, Gyn 79
   and cardiovascular disease
   and cognition, Gyn 67
   cognitive detriment with, Gyn 69
   Heart and Estrogen/progestin Replacement Study (HERS)
      cervical cancer screening
      estrogen replacement and cardiovascular disease
   quality-of-life outcomes, Gyn 80
   selection of older women for initiation or continuation of, Gyn KQ3
   stratified results, Gyn 75
Estrogen receptor modulators, Gyn 23
Estrogen replacement therapy
   and Alzheimer's disease, Gyn 71
   and breast cancer
      Gyn 73
      Gyn 76
   and cancer
   and cardiovascular disease
      Gyn 60
      Gyn 61
      Gyn 64
   and cognition, Gyn 67
   and colon cancer, Gyn 76
   Heart and Estrogen/progestin Replacement Study (HERS)
      cervical cancer screening
      estrogen replacement and cardiovascular disease
   low-dose, Gyn 82
   mammographic density related to, Gyn 59
   neuroprotective effects, Gyn 69
   oral, Gyn 44
   for osteoporosis
      in frail and institutionalized elderly women, Gyn 85
      stratified results, Gyn 83
   and perioperative morbidity, Gyn 8
   postmenopausal
      and breast and colon cancer, Gyn 76
      and cognition, Gyn 72
      dementia associated with, Gyn 70
      long-term, Gyn 68
   quality-of-life outcomes, Gyn 84
   selection of older women for initiation or continuation of, Gyn KQ3
   and sexual function in older women, Gyn 44
   short-term, CCI 2
   stratified results
      Gyn 65
      Gyn 71
   synergy with fracture-prevention interventions, Gyn 81
   transdermal
      Gyn 44
      for osteoporosis
   and urogenital symptoms, Gyn 32
   vaginal
Estrogen status, Gyn 3
Estrogen therapy
   and breast cancer, Gyn 76
   after breast cancer treatment, Gyn 79
   and cardiovascular disease
   and colon cancer, Gyn 76
   and gynecologic surgery, Gyn 7
   long-term, quality-of-life outcomes, Gyn 80
   for osteoporosis
   and pelvic organ prolapse
      Gyn 21
      Gyn 23
   and pelvic organ prolapse surgery, Gyn 22
   postmenopausal, Gyn 76
   selection of older women for initiation or continuation of, Gyn KQ3
   stratified results, Gyn 75
   thrombogenic effects, Gyn 66
   and urogenital symptoms, Gyn 33
Estrogens
   and colon cancer, Gyn 78
   esterified
   modified
ETDRS chart. See Early treatment diabetic retinopathy study chart
Ethanol-drug interactions, CCI 16
Ethical issues
Etidronate, for osteoporosis, ,
European Carotid Surgery trial
European Organization for Research and Treatment of Cancer (EORTC), 129
EuroQol measure
Eustachian tube dysfunction
   Otolaryn 4
   Otolaryn 5
Evidence-based medicine
   Office of Evidence-Based Surgery (ACS)
   in perioperative care, CCI 62
Exercise
   aerobic (endurance), Rehab 17
   for arthritic and musculoskeletal conditions, Rehab 21
   balance
   benefits of
      in arthritis
      Rehab 18
   combinations of treatments, Rehab 16
   comparison of types
   flexibility
   functionally based
   habituation
   modes of delivery, Rehab 16
   for osteoarthritis, Rehab 21
   for osteoporosis
   pelvic floor muscle, Gyn 25
   for prevention of falls, Rehab 28
   resistance
   resistive
      Rehab 16
      task-specific
   types of, Rehab 18
Exercise-based cardiac rehabilitation, Rehab 24
Exercise programs
External auditory canal diseases
Extracorporeal shock-wave lithotripsy
Extremities, normal range of motion of, Ortho 1
Eye disorders